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42 free topic sets covering every content area ETS tests. Each page has scenario-style items written in the Praxis format, full rationales for the correct and incorrect options, the traps that catch most candidates, and concrete study moves.
Anatomy, physiology, phonetics, normal development, and the science ETS builds its stem questions on. Roughly a third of the exam.
Cranial nerve items on the Praxis 5331 are almost always scenario-based: a patient presents with a specific speech, voice, or swallowing deficit and you identify the involved nerve or predict the resulting pattern.
Language development items require you to recognize typical milestones, calculate MLU, match Brown's morpheme stages to ages, and distinguish DLD from language differences.
Audiology on the Praxis 5331 tests reading pure-tone audiograms, distinguishing conductive vs sensorineural loss, interpreting tympanograms, and knowing when to refer.
Ethics items on the Praxis 5331 rely almost entirely on the ASHA Code of Ethics (2023) and scope of practice documents.
Research and evidence-based practice items test your ability to evaluate study quality, apply the EBP triangle, and interpret basic statistics.
School-based practice items test IDEA vocabulary (FAPE, LRE, IEP, IFSP), goal writing (SMART, measurable), and eligibility criteria.
Swallowing anatomy items ask you to identify structures, phases, and mechanisms of a normal swallow.
Phonetics items test your ability to transcribe with IPA, identify place-manner-voice for consonants, and read distinctive feature charts.
ASHA standards items test your knowledge of the CCC-SLP pathway, clinical fellowship, continuing education, and current scope of practice statements.
School-based practice items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can apply IDEA correctly, distinguish 'medical need' from 'educational impact,' and choose an appropriate service delivery model.
Bilingual and multicultural items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can distinguish a language difference from a disorder and use an interpreter appropriately.
Neuroanatomy items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can map a specific brain region to a specific speech, language, or cognitive function.
Screening, standardized testing, differential diagnosis, and instrumental evaluation — the largest single source of scenario items.
Aphasia is one of the highest-yield Praxis 5331 topics: expect 10-15 items ranging from classification (fluent vs non-fluent) to specific assessment tools and treatment approaches.
Dysphagia is arguably the single most tested topic on the Praxis 5331 — expect 15-20 items spanning assessment (MBSS, FEES, clinical swallow eval), diet modification (IDDSI), and treatment (compensatory strategies, exercises).
Motor speech items pair neuroanatomy with speech characteristics: given a lesion or presentation, identify the dysarthria subtype or distinguish apraxia.
Resonance and cleft items test your ability to identify hypernasality vs hyponasality, understand VPI, know cleft repair timing, and recognize compensatory articulations.
Syntax and morphology items test your knowledge of Brown's 14 grammatical morphemes, sentence-level structures, and typical vs disordered acquisition.
Assessment items test your ability to match the right standardized test to the right client and interpret basic scores (standard, percentile, age equivalent).
Medical SLP items focus on the acute care and ICU setting: tracheostomy/ventilator management, Passy-Muir valve, NPO decisions, and ICU-acquired weakness.
APD items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can distinguish a true auditory processing deficit from language, attention, or hearing loss.
Phonological awareness (PA) items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you know the developmental sequence and can select an appropriate intervention target.
Right hemisphere disorder (RHD) items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can distinguish RHD from aphasia.
Pediatric dysphagia items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can identify feeding red flags in infants and children and choose appropriate assessment and intervention.
Instrumental swallow items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can choose between MBSS (VFSS) and FEES, interpret common findings, and know each procedure's limits.
Goal writing, intervention selection, data collection, dismissal, and professional practice decisions.
Articulation and phonology items on the Praxis 5331 mix pediatric assessment (GFTA, KLPA) with process identification and evidence-based treatment selection (minimal pairs, cycles, complexity).
Voice items test your ability to link vocal behavior and lifestyle to pathology, then choose the correct assessment and evidence-based therapy.
Fluency items on the Praxis 5331 test your ability to differentiate typical disfluency from stuttering, choose age-appropriate intervention (Lidcombe for preschool, stuttering modification for school-age/adults), and counsel on affective/cognitive components..
AAC items on the Praxis 5331 assess your understanding of the AAC continuum (unaided → aided, low-tech → high-tech), candidacy, symbol hierarchies, and evidence-based access methods.
TBI and cognitive-communication items ask you to stage recovery (Rancho Los Amigos), identify the cognitive domain affected, and choose evidence-based intervention (spaced retrieval, errorless learning, external strategies).
Autism items on the Praxis focus on early identification, evidence-based interventions (naturalistic, developmental, ABA-informed), and social communication supports.
Items on hearing loss intervention span pediatric habilitation (auditory-verbal therapy, listening and spoken language) through Deaf culture considerations and cochlear implant candidacy.
Counseling items test how SLPs deliver bad news, motivate change, and honor family values.
Dementia items test staging, differentiating dementia types (Alzheimer's, FTD, Lewy body, vascular), and choosing appropriate intervention (spaced retrieval, external aids, environmental modification).
Cochlear implant (CI) items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you understand the device, candidacy, and the SLP's role across the lifespan.
Laryngectomy items on the Praxis 5331 test your knowledge of the three main alaryngeal speech options, stoma care, and the anatomical changes post-surgery.
Stuttering treatment items on the Praxis 5331 go beyond identifying disfluency types — they test whether you can choose the right approach for the right age and severity.
Early intervention (EI) items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you understand the IDEA Part C service model — family-centered, natural environments, coaching, and the IFSP.
Literacy items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you understand the SLP's role in reading and writing.
Voice therapy technique items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you can match a specific technique to a specific voice diagnosis.
Stroke recovery items on the Praxis 5331 test your understanding of how aphasia and dysphagia change over time and what the SLP does at each phase.
Parkinson's disease items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you understand hypokinetic dysarthria and can prescribe LSVT LOUD correctly.
Selective mutism items on the Praxis 5331 test whether you understand this as an anxiety disorder rather than a language disorder.
Work a topic set, then pressure-test it with the full practice question page, review the Praxis 5331 study guide, confirm your passing score, and check licensure requirements in your state.